Evaluacióndeunaintervención paradejardefumar en personasconenfermedadmental

Abstract

Background: Ahigh proportion ofthose seeking help to quit smoking have psychiatric disorders. The aim of this work is to analyze the effecti-venessof those group smoking cessation programs who are usually employed in Primary Care and to compare their results to those obtained with non psychiatric patients., Methods: Adescriptive longitudinal study with a one-year follow-up that evaluated smoking cessation groups conducted in a Primary Care setting between 2006 and 2011. Nineteen groups were carried out and 267 smokers were included; 36.3% had been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. The program consisted of five 90 minutes sessions (up to six weeks after abstinence) with telephonic follow-up for a year. Abstinence was verified by cooximetry at the end of the program and by self-declaration afterwards. Quantitative and qualitative variables were described, and the association between variables analyzed through binary logistic regression., Results: Self-declared continuous abstinence rate at 12 months of was 39.7%, being slightly higher, not in a non significant way, in women (43.1% vs. 35.1%; p: 0.18). Smokers with no history of psychiatric illness showed better abstinence rates, although without significant differences (42.9% vs. 34.0%; p: 0.16). There was no significant interaction between sex and psychiatric pathology. Those with a psychiatric disorder relapsed in a significantly higher rate during the first six weeks after abstinence [23.7% vs. 10.6%, p: 0.019; OR:1.90(1.08-3.36)]; relapse rates were similar afterwards (44,1% vs. 42,5%; p> 0,8)., Conclusions: This group intervention program for smoking cessation is effective. Although smokers with a present or previous history of psychiatric disorder may find abstinence harder to attain, they benefit from the intervention.