Study of Intra-Annual and Annual Air Temperatures over Iraq for Period (1970 - 2021)

Abstract

Iraq is one of the most vulnerable regions in the world as a result of climatic changes, the exacerbation of global warming, high temperatures, extreme weather phenomena, droughts, desertification and dust storms. Studies confirmed that the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations was a major cause of climate change in Iraq, especially in the central and southern regions, which recorded the highest concentrations of these gases in recent years. Transformational and construction. The concentration of carbon dioxide gas, to which Iraq contributes 0.00508% of global emissions, has increased by 5 times after the year 2000 compared to before, i.e., by 1.8 times. So does methane, which has increased by 0.04 ppmv annually. The research found that the amount of increase in the annual temperatures for the last fifty years is (3 °C), and with these rates of temperature rise, it is expected that the increase will be by (2 °C) by the year 2050. The highest value for the average temperature was in Basra (40 °C) compared to Mosul and Baghdad, which reach (35 °C) during the summer, which indicates that the regions of southern Iraq are the most affected by the phenomenon of global warming.