Comparación de criterios de Berlín vs Kigali para diagnóstico del síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda

Abstract

Epidemiological studies about the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in different countries vary from 10.1 to 86.2 per 100,000 in the general population. The epidemiology of the ARDS has not been reported in general population, hospital or intensive care units (ICU) of developing countries. The Berlin definition may not allow the identification of ARDS in environments with limited resources, which is why the Berlin criteria modified by Kigali was proposed in order to diagnose ARDS, when these limitations exist. Objectives: To measure the effectiveness in the early diagnosis of ARDS when comparing the Berlin criteria vs the modification of Berlin by Kigali. Material and methods: A comparative, longitudinal, prospective study was done during the period of January 1, 2018 to May 30, 2018, in the patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Hospital General La Villa. Forty-two patients were included, of which 8 were eliminated, the Berlin and Kigali criteria were evaluated in 34 patients upon admission; the time to complete both criteria was also measured. An analysis of variance test (ANOVA) was conducted to determine if there was a significant difference in the early diagnosis of the ARDS. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the required time for diagnosing ARDS with Kigali vs Berlin criteria, with times of 2.4 hours (SD: ± 0.45 hours) and 4.7 hours (SD: ± 1.4 hours) respectively, likewise a linear correlation was found by Pearson test of PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2. Linear regression was performed, and a severity scale was proposed for ARDS using the SpO2/FiO2 index. Conclusions: According to the results, the Kigali scale represents a reliable method and can be considered as a potential alternative for the diagnosis of ARD, besides it can be comparable with the Berlin scale. Keywords: SIRA; Berlin; Kigali