Review of Energy Storage Devices: Fuel Cells, Hydrogen Storage Fuel Cells, Rechargeable Batteries, PV Solar Cells

Abstract

Energy is available in different forms such as kinetic, lateral heat, gravitation potential, chemical, electricity and radiation. Energy storage is a process in which energy can be transformed from forms in which it is difficult to store to the forms that are comparatively easier to use or store. The global energy demand is increasing and with time the available natural sources such as fossil fuel are dwindling. As a result, finding new sources of energy is a hot topic everywhere. Also, there is need to transform and store energy for its use when required. In energy storage, the energy produced at one moment is captured or stored for its later use. There are different types of energy storage devices available in market and with research new and innovative devices are being invented. So, in this chapter, details of different kind of energy storage devices such as Fuel Cells, Rechargeable Batteries, PV Solar Cells, Hydrogen Storage Devices are discussed. One of the most effective, efficient, and emission-free energy sources is solar energy. This chapter also examines the most recent developments in storage modules and photo-rechargeable batteries based on organic solar cells. There are numerous conceivable solar cell and storage device combinations. Nonetheless, the power must be kept in reserve to offset the sun’s variable availability and the actual energy demand. This issue might be resolved by photo-rechargeable electric energy storage systems, which can store generated electricity right away.