Séroprévalence de l’AgHBs chez la femme enceinte dans le centre du Maroc

Abstract

Maternal-fetal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global public health problem leading to the implementation of strengthened prevention measures. Viral replication in HIV-positive mother, assessed based on HBeAg positivity and the rate of viral load, determines the contamination risk which is very important during perinatal period. Mothers with chronic HBV are a real reservoir of vertical transmission of this infection. This is a prospective investigation of 1120 pregnant Moroccan women aiming to study the seroprevalence of HBsAg which was 2.35%, in order to supply the national evidence on this topic. Among these HIV-positive women who were HBsAg positive, 79.1% were HBeAg negative and underwent molecular research that was positive in 89.4% of cases. Immunization of women of childbearing age is one of the major pillars of prevention of HBV vertical transmission. Only 2.4% of our patients were vaccinated. This highlights the role of screening during pregnancy, which should focus on raising awareness about the importance of immunization in HIV-negative women and of monitoring using molecular biology tools in HIVpositive mothers in order to establish an appropriate prophylactic treatment.