Immediate Implant Placement in Maxillary Esthetic Zone without Augmenting the Jumping Gap versus the Use of Autogenous Bone Particulates or Demineralized Bovine Bone Graft (Randomized Clinical Trial)

Abstract

Aim: to assess Immediate Implant Placement in Maxillary Esthetic Zone without Augmenting the Jumping Gap versus the Use of Autogenous Bone Particulates or Demineralized Bovine Bone Graft. Material and Methods:This was a Randomized parallel controlled clinical trial conducted on 30 implant sites that indicated immediate implant placement in the maxillary esthetic zone divided into 3 groups equally: In group (A): immediate implants were inserted in the esthetic maxillary zone with no graft in the jumping gap. In group (B): immediate implants were inserted in the esthetic maxillary zone with demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in the jumping gap. In group (C): immediate implants were inserted in the esthetic maxillary zone with autogenous bone graft in the jumping gap. CBCT scans were performed immediately after the surgery and 6 months later for measuring horizontal bone changes at 3 levels (platform, mid implant, and apex level) of the labial plate of the bone and vertical bone changes labial and palatal plate of bone. Mean changes were compared between 3 groups using parametric statistics. Results:The mean horizontal bone loss at platform level was 1.57±0.283mm, 0.845±0.167 mm, and 1.226 mm at groups A (graft less group), B (xenograft group), and C (autogenous group) respectively. While at mean mid implant level was 1.155±0.3 mm,0.754±0.185 mm, and 0.829±0.31 mm at group A (graft less group), B (xenograft group) & C (autogenous group) respectively. Besides, the mean horizontal bone loss at the apex level of the implant was 0.195±0.061, 0.326±0.103 mm, and 0.0182±0.026 mm at groups A (graft less group), B (xenograft group), & C (autogenous group) respectively. On the other hand, the mean vertical bone loss at the labial plate of bone was 1.565±0.341 mm, 0.836±0.359 mm, and 1.36±0.525 mm at group A (graft less group), B (xenograft group) & C (autogenous group) respectively. While the mean vertical bone loss at the palatal plate of bone was 0.94±0.376 mm, 0.93±0.228 mm, and 0.939±0.405 mm at group A (graft less group), B (xenograft group) & C (autogenous group) respectively.