How to treat hypertension? Current management strategies

Abstract

Hypertension is a disease that affects almost half of the population. Its complex pathophysiology, mainly affecting the renal, hormonal, cardiovascular and neurological systems, has allowed us to have different pharmacological strategies to treat each of these systems and thus regulate blood pressure. The American Heart Association in 2017, the European Society of Cardiology in 2018, and the American Society of Hypertension in 2020 published their recommendations for the diagnosis, mo-nitoring and treatment of arterial hypertension. The definition of normal blood pressure or hypertension varies according to each guideline. Recommendations on lifestyle and pharmacological therapy are very similar in the guidelines. They recommend blockers of the renin-angiotensin system, calcium antagonists and thiazides, and only in selected cases the use of mineralo-corticoid receptor antagonist or beta-blockers.