Comparative Effect of Lisinopril and Amlodipine with Moringa Oleifera on the Kidney Function of Dexamethasone and Salt-Induced Hypertensive Albino Rats

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most common causes of death worldwide; and a common cause of cardiovascular and renal complications which can be frequent, chronic and age related. Use of antihypertensive drugs such as Lisinopril and Amlodipine which have no significant first pass effects, pose a threat to the kidney. This study aimed at comparing the effects of conventional antihypertensive drugs Lisinopril and Amlodipine with Moringa oleifera on the kidney of Albino rats using Urea and Creatinine as markers. A total of 30 Albino rats were divided into six groups. Group I served as negative control; Group II as positive control; Groups III, IV, V and VI were test groups. They were induced hypertension with Dexamethasone-salt and treated with 0.07mg/kg body weight Lisinopril, 0.27mg/kg Amlodipine and with 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg Moringa oleifera leaves capsules respectively. At the end of treatment which lasted for 3 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected into clean-dry containers and serum harvested; and used to measure the levels of Urea and Creatinine with Chemistry auto-analyzer (COBAS C111). Data obtained were analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (IBM-SPSS) version 27.0. The results indicated no significant increase in serum Urea and insignificant decrease in Creatinine in all the treatment groups. This indicates synergy in these classes of antihypertensive drugs and Moringa at the said concentrations. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Moringa oleifera leaves extract could be used complementarily with Lisinopril and Amlodipine for treatment and management of hypertension.