A thermodynamic framework for solutions based on the osmotic equilibrium concept - 1. General formulation

Abstract

In this article a novel approach, based on the concept of osmotic equilibrium, is presented for the calculation of thermodynamic properties of solutions. This thermodynamic framework is inspired on the paralellism between the “solute-solvent” and “gas-vacuum” systems, initially established by tha McMillan-Mayer theory (Hill [1]). The proposed formalism is developed within the context of the Legendre Transformation of the internal energy with respect entropy, volume and mole numbers of solvent species. Therefore, the equation of state express a mathematical relationship among osmotic pressure, temperature, volume, mole numbers of solute species, and chemical potentials of solvent species. In the traditional approach the equation of state relates pressure, temperature, volume and mole numbers of all species. © 1994, Walter de Gruyter. All rights reserved.