Predictors of Attitudes Toward Sexual Harassment Among Chinese Nationals: Are College Students Different?

Abstract

This study examines the predictors of tolerance for different forms of sexual harassment among Chinese nationals, both students and non-students, residing in mainland China and abroad (N = 2094). The forms of harassment comprise unwanted sexual attention, gender harassment, and sexual coercion. Drawing from Sykes and Matza’s theory of techniques of neutralization (e.g., denial of injury and denial of responsibility), we hypothesize that respondents—especially non-students—who employ neutralization techniques are more likely to tolerate sexual and gender harassment. Multiple regression models find mixed support for this hypothesis. Overall, being a woman and endorsement of traditional gender roles consistently shape students’ and non-students’ tolerance of sexual harassment behaviors, regardless of the subtype of harassment. For Chinese policymakers, we suggest that change must start by giving women a voice and recognizing the necessity of gender equality in education. Limitations are also discussed.