Avaliação da eficiência de extração de compostos nitrogenados da polpa de anchoíta (Engraulis anchoita)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the nitrogen compounds extraction like soluble proteins (SP), total nitrogen (TN), non protein nitrogen (NPN), and nitrogen protein (NP) from the anchovy pulp (Engraulis anchoita), as well to investigate their proximal composition and freshness alteration based on the capture place. The anchovy pulp was submitted to nitrogen extraction treatment using NaHCO3 (0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.5%), NaCl 0.3% as solutions and distilled water. The pulp washing cycles using 0.1% NaHCO3, two cycles of distilled water, and one of NaCl 0.3% demonstrated improved efficiency in the extraction of the nitrogenous compounds and sarcoplasmatic proteins. Concerning the determination of the proximal composition, the anchovy in natura showed moisture content 77.2%, protein 16.8%, lipids 3.4%, and ash 2.4% and the values for the anchovy pulp were moisture 78.1%, protein 17.5%, lipids 2.4% and ash 2%. The freshness evaluation was accomplished through pH, total volatile bases (N-BVT), and trimethylamine (N-TMA) and they were found 6.3; 11.5 mg.100 g-1 and 2.8 mg.100 g-1 for the anchovy in natura and 6.7; 20.2 mg.100 g-1; 3.1 mg.100 g-1 for the pulp, respectively.