Phytochemical analysis, antibacterial activity of hydromethanol extracts from stems of Ximenia americana, Côte d’Ivoire species on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

The emergence of bacteria resistant to several families of antibiotics is nowadays a public health problem in the world. To overcome this, it appeared necessary to explore sources of active molecules from natural substances. Thus, the objective of this study was to carry out the phytochemical sorting of hydromethanol extracts from Ximenia americana stems and to evaluate their antibacterial activities on the in-vitro growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The phytochemical screening performed allowed us to identify saponins, sterols and polyterpenes, polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids. HPLC-MS/MS analysis lead to the identification of a variety of flavan-3ol, quercetin and derivatives. The study of antibacterial activity carried out on 5 multi-resistant clinical strains and on a reference strain by the Muller-Hinton agar medium diffusion and dilution method showed that the extracts were active on all the strains with MICs ranging from 6.25 to 100 mg and MBCs ranging from 12.5 to 100 mg. The antibacterial potential of these extracts highlighted in this study could make this plant a candidate for in-depth investigations that could lead to the discovery of new antibacterial molecules.