Garcinia kola Nuts: A Molecular Cocktail for Skin Care

Abstract

Garcinia kola is an emblematic tree used in traditional medicine in many regions in Africa. In particular, its nuts are commonly used for the management of various diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, G. kola nuts have never been investigated as potential sources of active ingredients in dermocosmetics. In this paper, nuts from G. kola were investigated to shed light on the extraction, purification and characterization of three components with potential dermocosmetic applications. The nuts were subjected to extraction with different solvents, including cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was purified by column chromatography on silica gel. Pure compounds were characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry and comparison with reported literature data. Unsaturated fatty acids were found in the cyclohexane and dichloromethane extract, garcinoic acid (a vitamin E derivative) in the dichloromethane extract, and the biflavanone GB1 in the methanol extract. The presence of unsaturated fatty acids, garcinoic acid, and biflavanone in the nuts of G. kola as dominant compounds suggests that this plant material holds potential to be used for the development of active compounds for skin care and well-being.