Characterization of CD3+/CD20+ canine large-cell lymphoma

Abstract

Immunophenotyping of canine large-cell lymphoma (LCL) for B-cell and T-cell surface antigens is commonly performed to better predict the clinical outcome. Expression of surface antigen CD3 is associated with T-cell malignancies; surface antigen CD20 is expressed on B cells. However, a small subset of canine LCLs expresses both CD3 and CD20 (CD3+/CD20+); this form of lymphoma remains poorly defined at the molecular level. In a retrospective study, we aimed to better characterize immunophenotypic properties and antigen receptor clonality of CD3+/CD20+ LCL. We selected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 10 cases of CD3+/CD20+ LCL and breed-matched controls of peripheral large T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Using PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR), we identified monoclonal T-cell receptor gamma (TCRγ) rearrangements in all CD3+/CD20+ cases. Three of 10 cases had monoclonal rearrangements in the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH), supportive of cross-lineage rearrangement. There was no significant difference in the frequency of antigen receptor rearrangement between CD3+/CD20+ and PTCL cases. In comparison with DLBCL, CD3+/CD20+ LCL had TCRγ rearrangement more frequently and IgH rearrangement less frequently, respectively. Immunolabeling of the B-cell marker PAX5 occurred less frequently in all CD3+/CD20+ LCL cases compared to the DLBCL controls. Immunolabeling for BCL-2 was robust, regardless of immunophenotype. Nuclear Ki67 positivity was variable in CD3+/CD20+ cases, indicating a heterogeneity in proliferation. Overall, cases of canine CD3+/CD20+ LCL had properties similar to PTCL, suggesting a similar histogenesis of these 2 subsets.