Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flare Triggered by COVID-19 Infection: A Case-Based Review

Abstract

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and autoimmune disease has been associated bidirectionally, several reports has shown COVID-19 precipitate an exacerbation of an autoimmune disease that has already stable. Recognize and treatment of flare in SLE condition with COVID-19 is challenging in this pandemic era. This review aims to report a case SLE patient who experienced severe flares after being infected with COVID-19 and review of the literature. Case report: We presented a 27-year-old female with a history of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) who experienced severe flares after being infected with COVID-19 and a review. Methods and Results: A total of 72 potentially relevant citations were identified. After removing the duplicate citations, the title, and abstracts of 61 articles were evaluated and 11 relevant articles were reviewed in detail. A total of 72 potentially relevant citations were identified. After removing the duplicate citations, the title, and abstracts of 61 articles were evaluated and 11 relevant articles were included. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is a devastating situation all over the world. SLE patient has already been in a susceptible condition as the disease progressed and continued having immunosuppressant therapy also one of the risk factors. A Flare condition can be happened during the COVID-19 Infection or after the infection is resolved. In SLE patient having COVI-19, close monitoring, high adherence to the therapy, and the health protocol are needed.