The Road to eHealth in Estonia: Lessons Learned and Future Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract

Estonia has one of the leading eHealth solutions in Europe. Since its inception in 2008, it has been further developed to include new services, integrate private sector partners and Blockchain technology for system access and data integrity. This presentation will discuss the extensive progress and current developments in relation to eHealth and information sharing in Estonia, the factors that have been fundamental in achieving strategic goals in relation to eHealth, and future opportunities and challenges for eHealth in Estonia and across Europe. Strong national leadership that coordinates the actions of various stakeholders and finds a balance between patient autonomy and personal data use and societal benefits has been essential. Patient engagement and trust building was a core component from the beginning. There has been a specific focus on addressing digital literacy concerns and implementing strict legislation for data misuse to build trust. Realising the potential benefits of eHealth depends on the completeness and quality of the data. Continued engagement with healthcare professionals and organisations are needed to understand and address their concerns in relation to design and functionality, financial cost, and sharing information with patients. The implementation of eHealth systems internationally paves the way for the creation of a unique international health account number. Artificial intelligence offers a potential solution of addressing the complexity of healthcare and may contribute to a more efficient and effective patient experience. Careful consideration is needed in relation to consent management and developing appropriate and transferable standards.