Wind Turbine Planetary Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Based on Self-Powered Wireless Sensor and Deep Learning Approach

Abstract

In this paper, a novel and more effective fault diagnosis approach for wind turbine planetary gearbox (PGB) is proposed. In order to better detect the faults in the early stage of the faults of the wind turbine PGB, the corresponding maintenance measures can be carried out to prevent the faults from becoming more serious, so as to seriously affect the normal operation of the fan gearbox. The gear with lighter fault degree is used to simulate the early fault signal. Compared with the fault which has seriously affected the normal working condition, the fault characteristics of the early fault signal are more difficult to detect. So in this design, deep belief network (DBN) optimized by quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm is used to extract deeper and more identifiable features of slight fault signal. After optimization by QPSO algorithm, DBN can get a most suitable structure according to the actual working signal of fan gearbox. Then these extracted features are input into the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) optimized by QPSO for fault diagnosis test. At the same time, the wireless sensor nodes using self-energy in vibration state are optimized. By using microcontroller unit (MCU) MSP430F149 and nRF24L01 radio frequency (RF) chip with lower energy consumption, the normal dormant state can be maintained, the power requirement of transmission mode can be met, the stability of the whole node can be improved, and the phenomenon of energy shortage caused by short-term fluctuation can be prevented. The comparative experiments in this paper show that this method has good effect on the fault diagnosis of wind turbine PGB.