The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Length of Stay in the Neuro-ICU:A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Eight Neuro-ICU, China Between February and April 2023

Abstract

Purpose: The SARS-CoV-2 infection cases are increasing rapidly in neuro-intensive care units (neuro-ICUs) at the beginning of 2023 in China. We aimed to characterize the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of critically ill patients treated in neuro-ICUs. Materials and Methods: In the prospective, multicenter, observational registry study, critically ill patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to eight Chinese neuro-ICUs between Feb 16, 2023, to Apr 30, 2023 were enrolled for the study. Mortality and ICU stay day were used as the primary outcomes. Results: 131 patients were finally included and analyzed (mean age 60.36 years [SD 13.81], 64.12% male, 39.69% SARS-CoV-2 infected). The mortality is higher in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group without statistical signification (7.69% vs 5.06%, p>0.05). The length of stay (LOS) in neuro-ICUs was significantly longer among the SARS-CoV-2 infection patients (7(1–12) vs 4(1–8), p<0.01), with increased viral pneumonia occurrence (58.54% vs 7.32%, p<0.01). SARS-CoV-2 infection, surgery, and low GCS scores were independent risk factors for prolonged LOS, and respiratory/renal failure were independent risk factors for death. Conclusion: Based on the present neuro-ICU cohort, SARS-CoV-2 infection was a significant risk for the prolonged LOS of neuro-critically ill patients. Trial Registration: Registered with Chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2300068355) at 16 February 2023, Prospective registration. https://www. chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=188252.