Intra- and Extracellular Biosynthesis and Characterization of Iron Nanoparticles from Prokaryotic Microorganisms with Anticoagulant Activity

Abstract

Background: The use of microorganisms for the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is relatively new in basic research and technology areas. Purpose: This work was conducted to optimized the biosynthesis of iron NPs intra- and extracellular by Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to evaluate their anticoagulant activity. Study Design/Methods: The structures and properties of the iron NPs were investigated by Ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Zeta potential, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)/ Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Anticoagulant activity was determined by conducting trials of Thrombin Time (TT), Activated Partial Prothrombin Time (APTT) and Prothrombin Time (PT). Results: UV-vis spectrum of the aqueous medium containing iron NPs showed a peak at 275 nm. The forming of iron NPs was confirmed by FESEM/ EDX, and TEM. The morphology was spherical shapes mostly with low polydispersity and the average particle diameter was 23 ± 1 nm. Iron NPs showed anticoagulant activity by the activation of extrinsic pathway. Conclusion: The eco-friendly process of biosynthesis of iron NPs employing prokaryotic microorganisms presents a good anticoagulant activity. This could be explored as promising candidates for a variety of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.