Effects of Smartphone Use on Sleep Quality, Depression, Anxiety, and Academic Achievement

Abstract

Smartphones are popular devices that can process a lot of information than standard cell phones. The easier access to the internet due to the increase in smartphone technology is followed by the increase in the prevalence of smartphone users. There are several adverse effects due to smartphone use, such as physiological, psychological, social, and emotional disturbances. They depend on the duration and frequency of smartphone use. This study aimed to determine the effect of smartphone use on sleep quality, depres-sion, anxiety, and academic achievement in students. It is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were 100 students given questionnaires about smartphone use with the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and depression anxiety using DASS21, and academic achievement. The data was analyzed by using Spearman rho analysis. This study found a significant relationship between smartphone use to sleep quality, depression anxiety with a p-value of 0.027 and <0.001 respectively, but no significant relationship between smartphone use and academic achievement (p-value = 0.182).