Scientific Truth in a Post-Truth Era: A Review*

Abstract

The evolution from the classical, non-institutionalized philosopher to the contemporary, professional scientist is reviewed. The rapid increase in the number of scientists and publications post-1950 occurred alongside the backdrop of an educational crisis and challenges in evaluating scientific work's quality. This analysis delves into the robustness of scientific truth across both hard and soft sciences. Difficulties in grasping and implementing the reproducibility of experimental data strategies have led to weakened empirical evidence and a fragile scientific truth. The emergence of intensified competitiveness, heightened publication pressures, and the context of a post-truth society have fostered an environment encouraging significant scientific misconduct. The tiny elite of exemplary scientists struggles to uplift the quality of scientific work and eliminate scientific misconduct. Instances of fraud cast a shadow over the realms of science and technology, despite their pivotal roles in driving the economy and shaping contemporary culture. Safeguarding the principles bequeathed by classical scientists necessitates enhancements in peer review mechanisms and the comprehensive training of young scientists. This approach aims to ensure the transfer of scientific truth in a consolidated form to future generations.