Características sociodemográficas asociadas a la adherencia del tratamiento en adultos con Diabetes Tipo 2

Abstract

Objective: To establish the association of sociodemographic characteristics and treatment adherence in Mexican adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was made in Mexican adults over 18 years with Type 2 Diabetes who attended a diabetes clinic of a public hospital. The sample were 100 adults. Conscious adults, diagnosed with DT2, with a minimum evolution of three years with the diagnostic were included. The Morisky, Green and Levine´s test was used to identify the adherence to the treatment. Results: The female sex predominated (62%), the adults between 50-59 years were the most representative group (59%); el 46% had primary school and 69% were married. The 23% of the sample has 3 years with the diagnostic, only 38% of the respondents do exercise 10-15 minutes a day and 28% did not do exercise; the majority report having a pharmacological treatment based on oral hypoglycemic agents (82%). The age was associate with the adherence to the treatment (p <0.005). Conclusiones: La edad fue la única característica sociodemográfica que se asoció significativamente con la adherencia al tratamiento en personas adultas mexicanas con Diabetes Tipo 2. El personal de salud, principalmente los que se encuentran en el primer nivel de atención, deben de enfocarse a promover la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes que padecen DT2, teniendo en cuenta sus características sociodemográficas, particularmente la edad. Palabras claves: Cumplimiento y adherencia al tratamiento; Diabetes tipo 2; Enfermería en salud comunitaria