Functional hydrogel dressings for wound management: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Hydrogels have gained significant attention as wound dressings due to their potential for rapid healing. Researchers have actively explored a range of techniques for antimicrobial applications, including incorporating drug payloads, utilizing inorganic nanometals, and harnessing the properties of natural cationic polymers. In terms of hemostasis and coagulation promotion, techniques such as drug delivery, adhesive physical hemostasis, and adhesive functional groups have been studied. To control inflammation, researchers have investigated the application of natural antioxidants and antioxidant functional groups, which have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, the smart responsiveness of hydrogel wound dressings to pH, temperature, and light has been explored. This review presents a summary of the research progress and application prospects in these areas and offers an outlook on the future development direction of hydrogel wound dressings.