Oleoresin Production and Turpentine Component of Pinus oocarpa and Pinus merkusii

Abstract

This study aims to determine differences in oleoresin production and the type and content of turpentine P. oocarpa and P. merkusii. The first stage of the research activity was to collect oleoresin obtained from 15 plants of each type of pine aged 14 years which were determined randomly. Determination of the type and content of phytochemicals, especially turpentine using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry by injecting gas-phase chemical isolates. The oleoresin tapping data were analyzed by paired t-test with a test level of 5% to determine the difference in the amount of oleoresin. The results showed that there was no difference in production capacity (p<0.05) between the two stands with an average oleoresin production per tree of 0.0127±0.002 g.d-1 (P. oocarpa) and 0.0183±0.003 g.d-1 (P. merkusii). The most important species in P. oocarpa consisted of: α-pinene (5.2%), ß-pinene (5.8%), and delta 3 carena (13.8%); while in P. merkusii are α-pinene (8.2%), ß-pinene (11.5%), limonene (5.2%), α-terpinolene (32.7%), benzenemethanol (4.3%), and trans-pinocarveol (3.5%). All turpentine compounds produced by the two types of pine can be used for various pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and pesticide industries.