Bio-inspired nanofunctionalisation of biomaterial surfaces: A review

Abstract

The surfaces of biomaterials determine their efficacy and hence, have an important role in clinical applications. Through bio-inspired surface nanofunctionalisation, the surface properties of biomaterials such as physical morphology and chemical composition can be tailored using biomimicry. It is a powerful tool for improving the interactions between the physiological environment and biomaterial surfaces. Therefore, research on bio-inspired nanofunctionalised surfaces has attracted much attention in recent years. This review focus on the recent bio-inspired strategies based on the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and composition of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA). The design, preparation, and properties of ECM and PDA-inspired nanofunctionalised biomaterial surfaces are reviewed. I have also highlighted the effects of these bio-inspired nanofunctionalised biomaterial surfaces on bone regeneration, cartilage repair, and antibacterial activities.