Continuous wavelet transformation of seismic data for feature extraction

Abstract

Continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) as a new mathematical tool has provided deep insights for the identification of localized anomalous zone in the time series data set. In this study, a three-layer geological model is investigated by CWT to locate seismic reflections temporally and spatially. This model consists of three layers, where the third layers of the anticline structure are assumed to act as a pure sandstone hydrocarbon reservoir with 10% porosity. The equation of Gassmann has been implemented for the pore fluid substitution in the reservoir. Synthetic seismic data are generated for the three-layer geological model. Due to the presence of noise, it is always difficult to interpret seismic data. But, CWT has the ability of noise reduction, improving the visualization of a data set and locating the anomalies in terms of scalogram and 3D CWT coefficients. Synthetic seismic data of the geological structure are transformed by CWT. The successful transformation of P-wave velocity, synthetic seismic data and acoustic impedance inversion provided evidence to distinguish different interfaces accurately. CWT has successfully located seismic reflections by localizing high-energy spectrum within the cone of influence. Three high-energy spectrums have been identified at 0.8 s, 1 s and 1.07 s, and it exactly matches the seismic data and three-layer geological model.