Perbandingan Kadar Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 pada Platelet Rich Plasma dengan Metode Pure dan Buffy Coat pada Populasi Individu Sehat

Abstract

Background: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is an autologous product rich in platelets and growth factors, one of which is transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), which plays a vital role in the tissue regeneration process. PRP extraction methods, including the pure and buffy coat methods, have the potential to produce differences in TGF-β1 levels that can affect clinical effectiveness, but have not been widely evaluated. This study aims to determine the comparison of TGF-β1 levels in platelet-rich plasma of a healthy individual population extracted using the pure method and the buffy coat method. Method: A descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 26 research samples. The included samples included healthy individuals in Bali, aged 20-40 years, and willing to participate in the study. Blood samples were taken, and then PRP preparation was carried out based on the pure and buffy coat methods. TGF-β1 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. Results: The results of the data analysis showed that 13 male and 13 female samples were included. TGF-β1 levels were found to be significantly different based on buffy coat and pure preparation techniques (p=0.049). In the buffy coat PRP, TGF-β1 levels were found to be significantly different based on gender (male: 3.603,54 ng/ml, female: 1.208,85 ng/ml; p = 0,028). Meanwhile, no difference was found based on gender in pure PRP. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in TGF-β1 levels in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) extracted using the pure and buffy coat methods in healthy individuals, where the levels are higher in buffy coat     Latar Belakang: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) merupakan produk autologus yang kaya akan trombosit dan faktor pertumbuhan, salah satunya transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), yang berperan penting dalam proses regenerasi jaringan. Metode ekstraksi PRP, termasuk metode pure dan buffy coat, berpotensi menghasilkan perbedaan kadar TGF-β1 sehingga memengaruhi efektivitas klinis namun belum banyak dievaluasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar TGF-β1 pada platelet rich plasma populasi individu sehat yang diekstraksi menggunakan metode pure dengan metode buffy coat. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan dengan melibatkan sebanyak 26 sampel penelitian. Sampel yang terinklusi, termasuk individu sehat di Bali, berusia 20-40 tahun, dan bersedia mengikuti penelitian. Sampel darah diambil kemudian dilakukan preparasi PRP berdasarkan metode pure dan buffy coat. Kadar TGF-β1 diukur menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 25. Hasil: Terdapat 13 sampel laki-laki dan 13 sampel perempuan yang terinklusi. Kadar TGF-β1 ditemukan berbeda secara bermakna berdasarkan teknik persiapan dengan metode buffy coat dan pure (p = 0,049). Selain itu, TGF-β1 pada buffy coat menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan berdasarkan jenis kelamin (laki-laki 3.603,54 ng/ml, perempuan 1.208,85 ng/ml; p = 0,028), namun tidak ditemukan perbedaan berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada metode pure. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kadar TGF-β1 yang signifikan dalam platelet rich plasma (PRP) yang diekstraksi menggunakan metode pure dan buffy coat pada individu sehat, di mana kadarnya lebih tinggi pada buffy coat