Modeling and Optimization of Total Phenol of Tamarillo Seed Extract Using Response Surface Method

Abstract

Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) contains phenol compounds which can be used as antibacterial, these compounds can be obtained from the extraction process. Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) can accelerate the extraction process by utilizing microwave heating. The aim of this research is to find the optimum point of solvent ratio and extraction time to produce Tamarillo extract with maximum total phenol content. The modeling and optimization method used is response surface methodology (RSM). In the central composite design (CCD), the input used includes the ratio of solvent to low level ratio is 1:40 (w/v) and the high level is 1:60 (w/v), while the low level extraction time is 4 minutes and the high level is 6 minutes, so there are 13 experimental designs. The suggested model results are quadratic. The optimal value produced in maximizing total phenol in Tamarillo is 3.31 mg GAE/g extract from a variation of solvent ratio 1:56.30 (w/v) with extraction time of 5.93 minutes with desirability value of 1. The validation results obtained are 3.33 mg GAE/g extract, where this value is 0.60% different from the predicted results. Validation results can be accepted because the value is still within the acceptable error threshold or below 5%.