In vitro evaluation of repair bond strength of composite: Effect of surface treatments with bur and laser and application of universal adhesive

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of surface treatment by bur and laser and application of universal adhesive on repair bond strength of composite resin. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 composite blocks measuring 6x4x4 mm were fabricated of Filtek Z250 composite. All samples were subjected to 5,000 thermal cycles and divided into two groups for surface preparation by bur and by Er,Cr:YSGG laser (n = 60). The surfaces were then etched with orthophosphoric acid, rinsed with water and divided into three groups (silane, silane plus Single Bond and silane plus Single Bond Universal). Repair composite was then bonded to aged composite. Half of the samples in each group were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and the other half underwent 5000 thermal cycles. All samples were then subjected to shear bond strength testing using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. Mode of failure was determined using a stereomicroscope. Results: Bur preparation plus universal adhesive yielded the highest bond strength (30.16 ± 2.26 MPa). Laser plus silane yielded the lowest bond strength (5.63 ± 2.43 MPa). Bur preparation yielded significantly higher bond strength than laser (P < 0.001). Also, application of universal adhesive significantly improved bond strength compared to conventional adhesive and silane (P < 0.001). Bond strength after aging (5000 thermal cycles) had no significant difference with primary bond strength at 24 hours within each group (P = 0.182). Conclusion: Surface preparation of aged composite by bur and application of universal adhesive can improve the repair bond strength of composite. Application of silane (without adhesive) in the process of repair cannot provide adequately high repair bond strength.