Blood and tissue docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) turnover rates from Ahiflower® oil are not different than from DHA ethyl ester oil in a diet switch mouse model

Abstract

Ahiflower® oil is high in α-linolenic and stearidonic acids, however, tissue/blood docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) turnover from dietary Ahiflower oil has not been investigated. In this study, we use compound-specific isotope analysis to determine tissue DHA synthesis/turnover from Ahiflower, flaxseed and DHA oils. Pregnant BALB/c mice (13–17 days) were placed on a 2 % algal DHA oil diet of high carbon-13 content (δ13C) and pups (n = 132) were maintained on the diet until 9 weeks old. Mice were then randomly allocated to a low δ13C-n-3 PUFA diet of either: 1) 4 % Ahiflower oil, 2) 4.35 % flaxseed oil or 3) 1 % fish DHA ethyl ester oil for 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60 or 120 days (n = 6). Serum, liver, adipose and brains were collected and DHA levels and δ13C were determined. DHA concentrations were highest (p < 0.05) in the liver and adipose of DHA-fed animals with no diet differences in serum or brain (p > 0.05). Based on the presence or absence of overlapping 95 % C.I.'s, DHA half-lives and synthesis/turnover rates were not different between Ahiflower and DHA diets in the liver, adipose or brain. DHA half-lives and synthesis/turnover rates from flaxseed oil were significantly slower than from the DHA diet in all serum/tissues. These findings suggest that the distinct Ahiflower oil n-3 PUFA composition could support tissue DHA needs at a similar rate to dietary DHA, making it a unique plant-based dietary option for maintaining DHA turnover comparably to dietary DHA.