A comparison of fertility in Canada and Australia, 1926-2011

Abstract

This article compares the evolution of fertility in Canada and Australia since the early 20th century. Historically, in part because of the high fertility rates of Catholic French-Canadians, overall fertility was higher in Canada, but since the mid-sixties, fertility has been higher in Australia. This is especially noticeable among women aged 30+, but the observed difference is not a mere tempo effect, as completed fertility rates of the most recent cohorts are significantly higher in Australia. More generous family policies and a more robust economy could explain the maintenance of fertility close to replacement level in Australia, while Canadian indicators have been falling.