Addressing gender inequalities in European football: Key dimensions and strategies

Abstract

Women’s football in Europe has undergone a remarkable transformation in recent years, evolving from a historically marginalized status to a vibrant and increasingly celebrated part of the football world. Despite these advancements, gender inequality continues to present a formidable and multifaceted challenge, reflecting broader societal inequities and deep-rooted historical biases that persist in many aspects of life. This study employs a robust theoretical approach to systematically identify the key dimensions of gender inequality in European football and assess existing strategies deployed by the UEFA and its national associations, aimed at mitigating these disparities. This in-depth examination uncovers gaps and opportunities, providing a nuanced understanding of where progress has been made and where continued effort is required. Additionally, the study presents a comprehensive set of actionable insights and evidence-based recommendations designed to enhance current strategies and introduce pioneering solutions that effectively address specific challenges. Ultimately, this study contributes to the broader discourse on gender equality in sports, offering actionable insights for stakeholders committed to transforming the landscape of European football. The goal is to pave the way toward a more equitable and inclusive future for women’s football, setting an example for sports globally through evidence-based reforms and fostering collaboration among key stakeholders and policymakers.