Laboratory examination to measure antibodies formed after vaccination of COVID-19

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) as the reemerging disease which first discovered on December 2019 in Wuhan, China. World Health Organization (WHO) has designated COVID-19 as a global pandemic on March 11th, 2020. Covid-19 is related with the climate change which influences the environment of life cycle of SARS-CoV2 vector. With there are no drug of choice for Covid-19 until this time, giving vaccination is one of the strategy of prevention to break the transmission and reduce the number of cases. Vaccination can trigger immunity by forming antibodies and protect the individual from antigen which came in to host and can be a marker for future vaccine for disease relates unpredicted climate change. This paper reviews several laboratory methods that can be used to detect antibodies such as Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA), Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Electro-Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) and see their ability to protect individuals from COVID-19 after vaccination using neutralization test such as Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PNRT) or Surrogate Reduction Neutralization Test (sRNT). The benefit of this reviews is to understand the optimal methods to measure and detect antibody and to improve vaccine development strategy for the disease relate with unpredicted climate change in the future based on antibodies seroconversion and seroprotection.