Artificial Intelligence Enabled Biomineralization for Eco‐Friendly Nanomaterial Synthesis: Charting Future Trends

Abstract

The applications of nanoparticles (NPs) have shown tremendous growth during the last decade in the field of biomedicine. Although chemical and physical methods dominate large‐scale NP synthesis, such methods are also known for their adverse impact on the environment and health. In contrast, the use of biological systems provides a sustainable alternative for producing functional NPs by biomineralization process. The transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI) has been proven prudent in diagnosis, drug development, therapy, and clinical decision‐making. AI can be utilized for tailored design, synthesis, and NPs scale‐up for biomedical applications. The present review provides an overview of biomineralization process and its advantages over other eco‐friendly NP synthesis opportunities. Specific emphasis is provided on the application of NPs in cancer therapy and how the use of biologically compatible NPs can improve cancer management. Finally, to the best of our knowledge, the potential of integrating AI in NPs synthesis is comprehensively analyzed for the first time. Additionally, an overview on how AI can help surpass conventionally synthesized NP toxicity by integrating toxicology and material science is provided.