Synthesis of sulfonamides

Abstract

Traditional and emerging methods for sulfonamide synthesis are discussed. As sulfonamides are typically accessed from sulfonyl chlorides, various approaches to sulfonyl chloride synthesis are included. Chlorosulfonylation of aromatic rings represents a reliable approach to sulfonyl chlorides, but requires hazardous reagents and is ineffective for electron-deficient substrates. Alternative approaches to sulfonyl chloride synthesis include the oxidation and chlorination of thiols, or the diazotization of anilines followed by treatment with sulfur dioxide. Additionally, the one-pot conversion of aryl halides to aryl sulfonamides via stoichiometric and catalytic organometallic intermediates is covered.