Vflo™: A REAL-TIME DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGIC MODEL

Abstract

Distributed parameter watershed models that are physics-based offer distinct advantages over conceptual rainfall-runoff models. Vflo™ incorporates routing of unsteady flow through channel and overland elements comprising a drainage network. A single catchment may be comprised of a few hundred finite elements, and up to a million for river basins covering an entire country. Simulation of days of response can be performed in seconds depending on drainage network size. Parameters are derived from GIS/RS maps with inputs from multisensor precipitation estimates in real-time or post-analysis. Distributed models better represent the spatial variability of factors that control runoff enhancing the predictability of hydrologic processes. Spatially distributed parameters derived from soil properties, land use/cover, topography, and input from radar or multi-sensor precipitation estimates offer new possibilities for simulating hydrologic response on a drainage network basis that is scalable from catchment to river basin. Combining terrestrial measurements in GIS format and meteorological output from radar and other sensors offers new opportunities for water management. Three case studies are presented that demonstrate the application of Vflo™ for different applications and watershed conditions/regional climate.